Colon Rectal Cancer
Colon and rectal cancers begin in the digestive system, also called the GI (gastrointestinal) system.

Over 95% of colon and rectal cancers are adenocarcinomas. These are cancers of the cells that line the inside of the colon and rectum.
Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer (Colon and Rectal Cancer)

    A change in bowel habits like diarrhoea, prolonged and recurrent       constipation. Occult blood or bright Red or very dark blood in the stool

  Discomfort in the stomach area, such as frequent gastric pain, cramps, and       feelings of being full or bloated Constant weakness and fatigue

   Jaundice - Yellowing of the skin and eyes

   Sudden and unexplained progressive weight loss

Diagnosis of Colon and Rectal Cancer

Stool pathology test stool sample is applied to a special card that turns color if any blood is detected.

The doctor may also conduct a Digital rectal examination or Flexible sigmoidoscopy

Barium enema

A narrow tube is inserted into the rectum to allow liquid barium (a white, chalky liquid) into the colon. A special x-ray is then taken and barium makes it easier to see tumors or masses Colonoscopy

A very useful procedure in which a lighted tube is inserted into the rectum which allows the doctor to look into the entire colon, removes polyps, and takes tissue for biopsy.

Ultrasound Imaging

Use of sound waves to image the colorectal area and look for unusual patterns. Ultrasound imaging indicates if there is an unusual mass or tumor in Colon

Treatment options for Colon Rectal cancer

Treatment plan is decided by the doctors depending on the stage of the tumour in Colon-rectal region.

-that is, how far it has spread or how deeply it is affecting the intestinal wall and other tissues. Treatment is also determined by the patient's age, medical history, overall health, and tolerance for specific medications and therapies.

Colon Rectal Surgery

Partial colectomy or Partial Bowel Resection

The tumor and normal tissue on either side of the diseased area in the colon are removed. The surgeon then rejoins the healthy portions of the colon. If feasible the surgeon may create a temporary colostomy, or an opening for solid waste from the bowel to a special bag that patient wears outside the body till such time the healthy tissue in the colon has healed.


Partial colectomy or Partial Bowel Resection

 The tumor and normal tissue on either side of the diseased area in the colon are removed. The surgeon then rejoins the healthy portions of the colon. If feasible the surgeon may create a temporary colostomy, or an opening for solid waste from the bowel to a special bag that patient wears outside the body till such time the healthy tissue in the colon has healed.

Laparoscopic Surgery or Keyhole Surgery

Laparoscope is a small surgery instruments with an inbuilt video camera which is inserted into the abdomen through small (usually less than 2 inches) incisions made in the abdominal wall. The surgeon observes the images of the colon on a colour monitor screen and can surgically remove sections of the bowel and adjacent tissue which are affected by cancer.

Radiation therapy

India's leading Cancer hospitals now have some of the world's moset advanced radiation equipment like Linac, Novelis, Gamma Knife and Cyber knife for treating Colon rectal Cancers. High technology radiation is used to kill cancer cells without affecting the healthy tissues. Radiation may be used to reduce the tumor prior to surgery or to obviate the symptoms of colorectal cancer such as pain, bleeding, or blockage.

Chemotherapy

Involves modern cancer drugs that are administered intravenously or orally to kill cancer cells and to reduce the chances of the tumour returning elsewhere in the body.

Read More about Chemotherapy          ....Click here

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